Gravity Assist Maneuver for getting high speed

Acceleration by gravity 

Sling shot is common toy used by every kid in early childhood days but have you ever thought that the same principle can be used to attain a speed of 100thousand miles an hour. Yes this is true somewhere in the early 1960s a scientific thought of accelerating the space shuttle by using gravity as sling shot and this technique is know as the Sling Shot acceleration , Gravity Assist Maneuver. Marine 10 was the first space probe to use gravity assist and the latest is India's Mangalyan which orbited earth for one month before departuring.
This is a simple technique which uses gravity to increase the speed by orbiting the space craft around a planet ( know how to make something orbit click herehttp://imparallel.blogspot.mx/2015/01/getting-things-into-orbit.html?m=1) every time it is attracted by gravity it's speed increase and when it is faced towards sun the sun's gravity attract it and by going a series of these repeated procedures certain amount of speed can be obtained and when it escapes the gravitational pull of a planet the space craft gets accelerated in the same manner when you rotates a stone tied to a rope and suddenly release it. The centripetal force rotates the space craft and gravity attract it but when gravity is gone the rotatory motion geto converted into linear motion. Rosseta is an iconic example of a perfect Gravity Assist Maneuver it has to travel 1billion kilometers to reach its destination which is also traveling at a speed of 55000kmph so to match this speed it orbited three times on earth and one time in mars so the speed can be achieved.
This method is not very costly but a lot of time consuming, fuel payload can be kept minimum using this technique as gravity does the most of the work and higher the gravity higher will be the speed obtained.

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The Science of Levitation (Orbit)

It is human nature to explore new thing and the new thing which I was going to explore was the question that when we jump why doesn't the earth below is moves forward. The answer was much simple than anyone would thought, it is because all of our surrounding revolves with the revolving earth even the atmosphere in which we jump. Newton's motion law explains it well that the frame of reference is same for us when we jump out stand on earth and everyone on earth will see us stationary but any outsider suppose an alien far away from Earth sees us moving forward in parabolic path. It could be demonstrated by throwing a ball up in moving car or train in motion and the ball will land in your hands always.

Model showing satellite revolving around a planet 

The next thing which is to be known after knowing the above answers is that how one move with the same speed as the earth moves without falling down and this led us to the study of setting up satellites in the orbit to understand it let us suppose we throw a ball from the top of a tall tower and till the ball had velocity whose resultant is greater than of gravity it will move forward and when is velocity decreases it will fall toward earth,so it is clear that speed plays a major role in setting up a satellite into orbit and instead of moving perfectly vertical we move horizontal to set up something into orbit let us find out why? To solve this problem we have to know that for every 8000 meters in earth towards horizon the earth bends 5 meter because the earth is a sphere and Newton was the first to know if a body moves down towards earth and if it's speed is faster than 8km per second it will never be able to touch the ground because at every 8km earth will bend by a radius of 5 meter so if we can maintain some height and velocity at the initial state to the satellite it will revolve the earth on its own as the speed will be provided by gravity itself. And if we are able to cross the speed barrier of 11.2km per second then we can escape earth's gravitational field if moved away from the planet. And we all know how much revolution has been brought by the satellites in our everyday life the list will go countless.
 Let's think how would you set up something into orbit if shape of Earth was square? All ideas and remark will be accepted in comments.

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Are you Innovative or Creative

Whatever profession you might be if you are not Creative or Innovative then you are going to suck. Creativity and InnoInnovation are the two terms with which most of the people are familiar with but do they really know the difference between the two terms. These two terms are uses the same ideology but are parallel with each other. Both refers to the unique and new ideas that could be implemented but innovation differs from creativity that it is helpful and useful for the society. Let us considered a simple example of making a tooth brush, a lot of creativity could be shown in making it like introducing a good grip or using fiber glass hairs or any other but if it is not full filling it's main objective that is cleaning the mouth it can't be an innovation irrespective of any creativity shown. But this doesn't mean that you don't need to be creative, the modern lifestyle in which we live is all because of the creativity and innovation shown by humans. Creativity helps us to analyse and answer the problem from many directions it utilizes the maximum potential of the brain.
Here are few tips that will be helpful in making your mind to think better and who knows you might be the next pioneer of any creative and innovative idea.
1) Juggling : Juggling helps to unlock your mind as various regions of mind are activated during juggling, in fact most of the scientists practice juggling.
2) Games : yes games helps in increasing focus and concentration games may be of any type indoor or outdoor but thinking games are best like chess or sudoko.
3) Think: thinking about all the things which you encounter everyday like the various uses of it or what are the alternative for the same item.

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Moon Full of Helium-3

Most of the people knows a lot about helium gas H2 and it's various uses  it is the second most abundant element available in the universe and it's extraction in not much typical. A new source of power is being used these days which is nothing but an isotope ( meaning - one of the two or more atom with same atomic number but different number of protons) of Helium which contains 2 protons and only 1 Neutron and known as the Helium-3 or He-3 on the other hand Helium contains 2 protons and two neutrons. It is very rare on earth as it sources are limited to underground places which are very rare, solar flairs and the radioactive (beta) decay of tritium H-3.
It is mainly used in second generation nuclear fusion plants which are still under developing procedure for providing us energy
21H + 32He (D-3He) → 42He + 11p 18.354 MeV
The proton generated in this reaction which contain energy equivalent to 18.354 mega electron volt can directly be used for generating electricity by rotating turbine which is 70% efficient and there is very less radioactive waste produced which on contrast is very high while using uranium, plutonium or any other radioactive material. Helium-3 is also used in Neutron detection and Cryogenic as its melting point is relatively very low less than 10 kelvin. It becomes important for humans to get large amount of H-3 as a clean nuclear fuel.
As stated above Helium-3 is present in solar flairs(wind) but the earth atmosphere reflects most of the sun's charged particle but Moon has no atmosphere so moon's soil has absorbed some amount of Helium-3, so it will be beneficial of we extract it from the moon's surface.

Model for bringing H-3 from moon 

 China is one step closer to this it has it's Chang's 5 mission will bring the first samples if Helium-3 from moon which is scheduled to launch in early 2020s and Professor Ouyang Ziyuan, the chief scientist of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, recently said, the moon is 'so rich' in helium 3, that this could 'solve humanity's energy demand for around 10,000 years at least.' It has been calculated that there are about 1,100,000 metric tons of helium-3 on the lunar surface down to a depth of a few meters. 

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Moving Towards Atlast (Telescopes)

Cosmos has fascinated humans more than any other things and it has been human nature to explore it, and with our increasing knowledge in science and technology and with the combination of Engineering we are able to creat wonders which was even impossible for man to think before a century ago and to explore the Cosmos telescopes have provide great aid. Let's look down on our mission of telescope from Galileo to the Nasa's futuristic telescope Atlast. .

Principles of reflection telescope

Basically telescope are of two types
1. Refraction : uses only lenses for magnification purpose
2. Reflection or Newtonian as invented by Newton : uses mirror for reflection the image image is formed after reflection through the mirror. This type of Telescopes are wide used because the quality of image is higher.
It all started when Galileo uses his low magnification telescope to study the moon's orbit of Jupiter and it was a revolution in field of astronomy and since there was tremendous technological increment in astronomy. In the early 20th century Edwin Hubble used his 100 inch (5.1meter) telescope to tell us that the universe is expanding and the cluster of dust in the space are galaxies which are far away from our own galaxy the milky way. And to honour him after his death a gigantic telescope know as The Hubble Space telescope was launched in the low earth orbit in 1990,  and since than it has been in operation  HST has expanded our understanding of star birth, star death, and Galaxy evolution, and has helped move black holes from theory to fact. In its first 15 years, the telescope recorded over 700,000 images. (if want to know more about Hubble click here http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope)
If you want to explore more pictures from the Hubble click here http://hubblesite.org/gallery/

Hubble space telescope 

Beautiful picture from the Hubble 

 The next giant to take Hubbles place is to set of from earth in the year 2018 expected by Nasa it is James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) formerly know as Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) The JWST will offerunprecedented resolution and sensitivity from long-wavelength
visible to the mid-infrared , and is a
successor instrument to the Hubble
Space Telescope. It has a 6.5meter primary mirror what will capture light  Webb is designed to look deeper into
space to see the earliest stars and
galaxies that formed in the Universe
and to look deep into nearby dust
clouds to study the formation of stars
and planets. In order to do this,
Webb will have a much larger primary
mirror than Hubble (2.7 times larger
in diameter, or about 6 times larger in
area). This telescope will be located at a distance of 1 million mile away from the earth so this has to be manufactured perfectly because the cost of repair will be much higher as compared to Hubble get full details click here( www​.just.nasa.gov/)
The next big mission will be launched in the next decade which is now named as the ATLAST by Nasa to be scheduled for 2025-2035 which will use mirror of size 8 to 16 meter in size and it will focus on finding the planet which will resemble like earth in shape and in the goldilocks zones.

Suggested view of Atlast telescope 

For more and best Hubble pics click here http://gigapica.geenstijl.nl/2011/09/pictures_taken_by_the_hubble_s.html

Suggested view of James webb space telescope 

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