The Science of Being Invisible - Reality

The invisible Cloak similar to that in the movie Harry Potter can become reality in near future. Metamaterials provide the substance for making such a cloak. Metamaterials are the materials which are yet to be made by the engineering process that contains a mixture of a metal or plastic but it differs from the taylor made material in the sense that it's properties are not related to the base materials but are because of the geometry in which the materials are combined. These can perform certain things that are not possible with ordinary materials it can  affect the path of waves light waves and sound waves and it has a negative refractive index. Small scale achievement have been obtained but the use for making cloak is not far enough. It can also provide stealth to military equipments. So let's figure how the light behaves by passing through meramaterials.

The left is metamaterial and right is ordinary one 

How an object is visible to naked eyes it's simple it reflects and refracts the light waves which are electromagnetic in nature and these waves after reflection enters through our eyes to form the image of the object, but suppose if an object doesn't allows the light to reflect or refracts through it this is how one can become invisible. Meta materials uses the ideology that it allows the light to guide through it rather than reflecting it the electrons in metamaterial doesn't allow the electromagnetic waves to get reflected or refracted but helps them smoothly guiding through them, and the material will be invisible to human eye and it will cast no shadow. To accomplish this the metamaterial should have a negative refractive indes( reflective index is a property that tells how light passes through a medium), the negative refractive index will allow the light to flow through the surface of the object but the real challenge is in the wavelength of light for having negative refractive index the wavelength of the light should be more than the wavelength of metamaterial then it will work properly and it has to cover the entire visible spectrum ranging from 400 nanometers for violet to 700 nanometers for red,and this would require engineering a material whose dimensions would be one billionth of a meter.
The future is not far enough, sooner we will be able to produce these incredible materials and who knows what changes they might bring, one thing that has to be kept in mind is that all the things follow laws governed by physics seldom it is thought that this is unnatural or it violates physics that is not true.
Science Rules

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Difference in exploring above and below your feet

Voyger the space craft has traveled to the edge of our solar system approximately 18.4 billion kilometers till the time this post is being written and is still moving forward but it will surprise most of the  readers that we are not able to get beneath our feet to a distance of bearly 12.8kilometer. A movie named The Core shows that we travel to the earth's core but that was all fiction. In this space age we plan to take man to Mars but it is impossible right now to even cross earth's crust. The radius of earth is no more than 6400km and humans have been able to dug 12.2km inside the earth in Kola Russia and the deepest place on earth 'Challenger Deep' at Marina Trench which is at 10.8km below the see level has only witnessed 4 man made missions and the irony is that the moon which is at a distance of 350000 km has foot prints of 12 humans.
So why this discrimination of our own beloved planet is going down not useful or not feasible, the major challenge that occurs during going down is the increase in temperature and at the base of Kola the temperature was 180°C which will go increasing to 6000°C at the core and a pressure of 550 giga pascal the machine are no so temperature resistance and most of them fails when worked over 100°C but few techniques are there which will provide them some sheid but the soil doesn't behave like solid the rocks at Kola were in plastic state and further going down most of the things are in liquid state and it is quite Impossible with current technology and engineering to make our way through this molten material, a new revolution is needed to go deep, deeper and deepest. Scientists plan to dig the deepest hole from 2018 and a suitable site is being selected for this, digging from oceans floor is considered a good idea. As we go down something mysterious and unexpected happens diamonds are constructed 100 miles below the surface by extreme pressure and temperature and comes to surface through cracks and volcanic eruption and many rare metals are also obtained from here only and when we will go deeper who knows what will we get maybe some new elements or any other things. A recent study shows that water more than 3 times the water in Ocean is present  500km below the surface and we might even get mountains of gold, titanium, other useful materials. The more our curiosity increase the more are the chances of getting deeper.

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Gravity Assist Maneuver for getting high speed

Acceleration by gravity 

Sling shot is common toy used by every kid in early childhood days but have you ever thought that the same principle can be used to attain a speed of 100thousand miles an hour. Yes this is true somewhere in the early 1960s a scientific thought of accelerating the space shuttle by using gravity as sling shot and this technique is know as the Sling Shot acceleration , Gravity Assist Maneuver. Marine 10 was the first space probe to use gravity assist and the latest is India's Mangalyan which orbited earth for one month before departuring.
This is a simple technique which uses gravity to increase the speed by orbiting the space craft around a planet ( know how to make something orbit click herehttp://imparallel.blogspot.mx/2015/01/getting-things-into-orbit.html?m=1) every time it is attracted by gravity it's speed increase and when it is faced towards sun the sun's gravity attract it and by going a series of these repeated procedures certain amount of speed can be obtained and when it escapes the gravitational pull of a planet the space craft gets accelerated in the same manner when you rotates a stone tied to a rope and suddenly release it. The centripetal force rotates the space craft and gravity attract it but when gravity is gone the rotatory motion geto converted into linear motion. Rosseta is an iconic example of a perfect Gravity Assist Maneuver it has to travel 1billion kilometers to reach its destination which is also traveling at a speed of 55000kmph so to match this speed it orbited three times on earth and one time in mars so the speed can be achieved.
This method is not very costly but a lot of time consuming, fuel payload can be kept minimum using this technique as gravity does the most of the work and higher the gravity higher will be the speed obtained.

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The Science of Levitation (Orbit)

It is human nature to explore new thing and the new thing which I was going to explore was the question that when we jump why doesn't the earth below is moves forward. The answer was much simple than anyone would thought, it is because all of our surrounding revolves with the revolving earth even the atmosphere in which we jump. Newton's motion law explains it well that the frame of reference is same for us when we jump out stand on earth and everyone on earth will see us stationary but any outsider suppose an alien far away from Earth sees us moving forward in parabolic path. It could be demonstrated by throwing a ball up in moving car or train in motion and the ball will land in your hands always.

Model showing satellite revolving around a planet 

The next thing which is to be known after knowing the above answers is that how one move with the same speed as the earth moves without falling down and this led us to the study of setting up satellites in the orbit to understand it let us suppose we throw a ball from the top of a tall tower and till the ball had velocity whose resultant is greater than of gravity it will move forward and when is velocity decreases it will fall toward earth,so it is clear that speed plays a major role in setting up a satellite into orbit and instead of moving perfectly vertical we move horizontal to set up something into orbit let us find out why? To solve this problem we have to know that for every 8000 meters in earth towards horizon the earth bends 5 meter because the earth is a sphere and Newton was the first to know if a body moves down towards earth and if it's speed is faster than 8km per second it will never be able to touch the ground because at every 8km earth will bend by a radius of 5 meter so if we can maintain some height and velocity at the initial state to the satellite it will revolve the earth on its own as the speed will be provided by gravity itself. And if we are able to cross the speed barrier of 11.2km per second then we can escape earth's gravitational field if moved away from the planet. And we all know how much revolution has been brought by the satellites in our everyday life the list will go countless.
 Let's think how would you set up something into orbit if shape of Earth was square? All ideas and remark will be accepted in comments.

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Are you Innovative or Creative

Whatever profession you might be if you are not Creative or Innovative then you are going to suck. Creativity and InnoInnovation are the two terms with which most of the people are familiar with but do they really know the difference between the two terms. These two terms are uses the same ideology but are parallel with each other. Both refers to the unique and new ideas that could be implemented but innovation differs from creativity that it is helpful and useful for the society. Let us considered a simple example of making a tooth brush, a lot of creativity could be shown in making it like introducing a good grip or using fiber glass hairs or any other but if it is not full filling it's main objective that is cleaning the mouth it can't be an innovation irrespective of any creativity shown. But this doesn't mean that you don't need to be creative, the modern lifestyle in which we live is all because of the creativity and innovation shown by humans. Creativity helps us to analyse and answer the problem from many directions it utilizes the maximum potential of the brain.
Here are few tips that will be helpful in making your mind to think better and who knows you might be the next pioneer of any creative and innovative idea.
1) Juggling : Juggling helps to unlock your mind as various regions of mind are activated during juggling, in fact most of the scientists practice juggling.
2) Games : yes games helps in increasing focus and concentration games may be of any type indoor or outdoor but thinking games are best like chess or sudoko.
3) Think: thinking about all the things which you encounter everyday like the various uses of it or what are the alternative for the same item.

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Moon Full of Helium-3

Most of the people knows a lot about helium gas H2 and it's various uses  it is the second most abundant element available in the universe and it's extraction in not much typical. A new source of power is being used these days which is nothing but an isotope ( meaning - one of the two or more atom with same atomic number but different number of protons) of Helium which contains 2 protons and only 1 Neutron and known as the Helium-3 or He-3 on the other hand Helium contains 2 protons and two neutrons. It is very rare on earth as it sources are limited to underground places which are very rare, solar flairs and the radioactive (beta) decay of tritium H-3.
It is mainly used in second generation nuclear fusion plants which are still under developing procedure for providing us energy
21H + 32He (D-3He) → 42He + 11p 18.354 MeV
The proton generated in this reaction which contain energy equivalent to 18.354 mega electron volt can directly be used for generating electricity by rotating turbine which is 70% efficient and there is very less radioactive waste produced which on contrast is very high while using uranium, plutonium or any other radioactive material. Helium-3 is also used in Neutron detection and Cryogenic as its melting point is relatively very low less than 10 kelvin. It becomes important for humans to get large amount of H-3 as a clean nuclear fuel.
As stated above Helium-3 is present in solar flairs(wind) but the earth atmosphere reflects most of the sun's charged particle but Moon has no atmosphere so moon's soil has absorbed some amount of Helium-3, so it will be beneficial of we extract it from the moon's surface.

Model for bringing H-3 from moon 

 China is one step closer to this it has it's Chang's 5 mission will bring the first samples if Helium-3 from moon which is scheduled to launch in early 2020s and Professor Ouyang Ziyuan, the chief scientist of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, recently said, the moon is 'so rich' in helium 3, that this could 'solve humanity's energy demand for around 10,000 years at least.' It has been calculated that there are about 1,100,000 metric tons of helium-3 on the lunar surface down to a depth of a few meters. 

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Moving Towards Atlast (Telescopes)

Cosmos has fascinated humans more than any other things and it has been human nature to explore it, and with our increasing knowledge in science and technology and with the combination of Engineering we are able to creat wonders which was even impossible for man to think before a century ago and to explore the Cosmos telescopes have provide great aid. Let's look down on our mission of telescope from Galileo to the Nasa's futuristic telescope Atlast. .

Principles of reflection telescope

Basically telescope are of two types
1. Refraction : uses only lenses for magnification purpose
2. Reflection or Newtonian as invented by Newton : uses mirror for reflection the image image is formed after reflection through the mirror. This type of Telescopes are wide used because the quality of image is higher.
It all started when Galileo uses his low magnification telescope to study the moon's orbit of Jupiter and it was a revolution in field of astronomy and since there was tremendous technological increment in astronomy. In the early 20th century Edwin Hubble used his 100 inch (5.1meter) telescope to tell us that the universe is expanding and the cluster of dust in the space are galaxies which are far away from our own galaxy the milky way. And to honour him after his death a gigantic telescope know as The Hubble Space telescope was launched in the low earth orbit in 1990,  and since than it has been in operation  HST has expanded our understanding of star birth, star death, and Galaxy evolution, and has helped move black holes from theory to fact. In its first 15 years, the telescope recorded over 700,000 images. (if want to know more about Hubble click here http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope)
If you want to explore more pictures from the Hubble click here http://hubblesite.org/gallery/

Hubble space telescope 

Beautiful picture from the Hubble 

 The next giant to take Hubbles place is to set of from earth in the year 2018 expected by Nasa it is James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) formerly know as Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) The JWST will offerunprecedented resolution and sensitivity from long-wavelength
visible to the mid-infrared , and is a
successor instrument to the Hubble
Space Telescope. It has a 6.5meter primary mirror what will capture light  Webb is designed to look deeper into
space to see the earliest stars and
galaxies that formed in the Universe
and to look deep into nearby dust
clouds to study the formation of stars
and planets. In order to do this,
Webb will have a much larger primary
mirror than Hubble (2.7 times larger
in diameter, or about 6 times larger in
area). This telescope will be located at a distance of 1 million mile away from the earth so this has to be manufactured perfectly because the cost of repair will be much higher as compared to Hubble get full details click here( www​.just.nasa.gov/)
The next big mission will be launched in the next decade which is now named as the ATLAST by Nasa to be scheduled for 2025-2035 which will use mirror of size 8 to 16 meter in size and it will focus on finding the planet which will resemble like earth in shape and in the goldilocks zones.

Suggested view of Atlast telescope 

For more and best Hubble pics click here http://gigapica.geenstijl.nl/2011/09/pictures_taken_by_the_hubble_s.html

Suggested view of James webb space telescope 

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Energy From Nothing

Once somewhere in the 20th century a young scientist thought that why not connect a motor output to a generator input and similarly connect that generator output into that of the motors input , this would create a loop of energy that would not end ever and energy can be created from nothing. Wouldn't it be amazing no need for fule to run any device?This idea was considered a revolutionary vision and a lot of devices were made on this modle but non worked perfectly and it failed. From the research and our increased knowledge of science we know that energy cannot be created nor be destroyed but can only be transformed from one form to another and the machine similar that described above which gives work without taking heat or vice versa is a hypothetical device that violates first law of thermodynamics i.e. conservation of energy and is termed as Perpetual Motion Machine of 1st Kind or simply PMM1. It is nothing but an imaginary machine which is just theoretical but not practical and all working devices are made as close to the performance of PMM1.
Similarly by our knowledge of science and engineering there cannot be any device that produces work(energy)  without rejecting heat only with one fixed temperature, which was formulated by Great Scientist Rudolf Clausius, and the device that violate this is termed as Perpetual Motion Machine of 2nd Kind or PMM2, and if it was not true we could extract energy from our surrounding atmosphere and for the world there should be no need of power generation, but this is not possible so we need two temperatures to get energy generation.
This is just the beginning of a blog that is dedicated to engineering wonders and the beautiful laws which governs these engineering devices. This is the perfect platform to explore the various engineering Connectios made by the humans, at last the biggest engineer is the nature which has created us and if we are lucky we will surely learn something from the nature and create wonders.

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War Between The Two Nations (Cricket)

February 15, 2015 at Adelaide Oval Australia just after the next day of starting of the World Cup is the day that every cricket fan would be waiting to arrive. It is the day that worth a lot, matter a lot and entertains a lot. It's the day that will witness the all time favorite India vs Pakistan cricket match and it is not an ordinary match is a World Cup match. There is an estimation by the Australian media that this game will be witnessed by over a Billion people throughout the globe, which will be a new record in the game history.
The two cricket giant are one of the best teams in the tournament,and India is the defending champion of the World Cup 2011. Pakistan is known for its bowlers and India for its batting performance. The game at Adelaide is also historic because every time Pakistan has faced India in a World Cup it has never won any match against India, the heat of the game will surely be as high as it becomes in the finals.
It is considered in both the nations that you can loose a final match against any team and you won't be blamed a lot but when you losses to your arc rivals i.e. For India it is Pakistan and vice versa the people will blame you and curse you and you have to hide your ass from the media as it won't leave you blaming everyone from the team. A lost in a game for India means letting more than 1 billion people down and a win will give another reason for the people to proudly say that 'I am an Indian'. There is always terrorist activities going place in India Pak border and there is bearly a day passes in which there is exchange of bullets and graneds between the two border but the game of cricket somethimes join heart and make peace between the two nations, the 2011 world Cup semi final between the two nations was watched by both the Prime Minister of India and Pakistan together (none other medium can bring this moment again).
Being a gentleman game it is not free from illegal activities like betting which is illegal in the Asian subcontinent, a report tells around a sum of 5000000000000RS India Money will be included in illegal betting only in India and one tenth of the above money will be betted in the India Pakistan match. Well that has nothing to do with common man the match will be sure terrific and will entertain the whole world.

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The Golden Gate Bridge revealed

Golden Gate Bridge view

View from bottom 

The Golden Gate Bridge is consider as a wonder of modern world it extend more than 1.5 miles in length.The structure links the U.S. city of San Francisco, on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, to Marin County, bridging both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 across the strait.

The bridge is the international symbol which represents the city of San Francisco in the world. 

The bridge was built to reduce the time taken by the ferries to cross the channel and to connect the two part of the cities. The construction  begins at 5 January 1933 and lasted till April 19,1937 finally on may 27 the same year the bridge opened,  and it has been functioning since that day. 

Lets look at some of its technical and engineering details. 

Total length of the Golden Gate Bridge from abutment to abutment is 8,981 feet (2,737 m).The Golden Gate Bridge's clearance above high water averages 220 feet (67 m) while its towers, at 746 feet (227 m) above the water, were the world's tallest on a suspension bridge until 1998 when bridges in Denmark and Japan were completed.

It receives a new coat of rust resistant bronze paint every five years. This prevents rust damaging the structural integrity of the bridge.

Total weight of Bridge, anchorages, and approaches (1937) is 894,500 tons (811,500,000 kg).

At midspan, the maximum downward deflection (or the distance the Bridge was built to move downward) is 10.8 ft (3.3. m). The maximum upward deflection is 5.8 ft (1.8 m).

 The Golden Gate Bridge has two main towers that support the two main cables.

The height of a tower above water is 746 ft (227 m).

The height of a tower above roadway is 500 ft (152 m).

Tower base dimension (each leg) is 33 ft x 54 ft (10 m x 16 m).

The load on each tower from main cables is 61,500 tons (56,000,000 kg).

The weight of both main towers is 44,000 tons (40,200,000 kg).

Transverse deflection of towers is 12.5 in (0.32 m).

Longitudinal deflection of towers (shoreward) is 22 in (0.56 m) and (channelward) is 18 in (0.46 m).

The south tower foundation depth below mean low water is 110 ft (34 m).

To build south tower pier to support the south tower, construction workers pumped 9.41 million gallons (35.6 million liters) of water out of the fender that was constructed first.

The bridge has two main cable which support the entire load of the bridge and the length of steel can be used to cover the entire earth 4 times
 The main cables rest on top of the 746-foot main towers in huge steel saddles.
Diameter of one main cable including the exterior wrapping is 36 3/8 in (0.92 m).
Length of one main cable is 7,650 ft (2,332 m).
Total length of galvanized steel wire used in both main cables is 80,000 mi (129,000 km).
Number of galvanized steel wires in one main cable that are 0.192 inches in diameter is 27,572.
Number of bundles or strands of galvanized steel wire in one main cable is 61.
Average number of galvanized steel wires in each of the 61 bundles is 452.
Weight of both main cables, suspender cables, and accessories is 24,500 tons (22,200,000 kg).
For a suspension bridge to work properly the 3 things should  be in equilibrium i.e. ΣFx=0 and ΣFy=0 are met, static equilibrium isn’t guaranteed; the second condition must be applied to guarantee static equilibrium: ΣT=0 Nm, and  how clearly a suspension bridge work we will discuss in some other blog.
Thank you. 

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Obama's one Visit Not Enough

It is  the most high time for the nation as the USA president Barack Obama is to visit India for witnessing the 26th January Republic Day pared.The nation has invested tremendous amount of sources for the protection and welcoming of such a great personality and the president of the most powerful nation of the world.
There is nothing wrong in providing such high level security arrangements, as the man deserves it and as we are surrounded by a national which is involved in most of the terrorist activities around the globe and it's objective is to promote terrorism in India, it becomes necessary.
It is know that alone in Delhi around 15k hd cctv cameras were installed within a few days before the historic visit and it is such a paradox that the demand for security of women and an ordinary people in the nation is at high risk, Delhi is often known as the rape capital of the world and other criminal activities are increasing at rapid rate.
Prior to this visit of president Obama I don't consider that the cameras installed for the security purposes of common men were were even working properly or being operated properly.
The protection arrangements are such high class that the  place where Obama will visit, within a radius 1.5 miles there will be no other men than the secret service agent or an armed bodyguard force, the path through which he will visit will be free from any kind of traffic, and it is hard to believe that within the same nation ordinary people die because he cannot reach hospital it time and why is this so because the ambulance gets stuck in the traffic or the condition of roads are pathetic. Security for ordinary people is as likely to fail most of the time, even police station and jails are not safe people get murdered inside police station, the company of police doesn't guarantee you your life safety.
Considering the security arrangements in Delhi it can assured that it will be one of the safest place of earth these days and it's a humble request from an ordinary Indian man to Obama to please visit most of the places in India as your visit will ensure a safe and good environment for the people there for long time.

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Sperm Therapy

Chemistry is not everyone's friend many are terrified seeing it's compound structure or formulas, and abstraction of elements is not an easy task and when the elements are rare earth elements (As defined by IUPAC, a rare earth element (REE) or rare earth metal is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium., and  as the name suggests they are very rarely available ) its quite expensive, technical, and not safe for environment,as damaging chemicals including Mercury and arsenic are used for extraction process.

These elements are very crucial in manufacturing of iPhone to turbines to hybrid cars and night vision goggles and many more. Europium is a phosphor that renders the red colour on the touch screens .The waste generated during extraction of these elements is harmful for the nature.
Researchers in Japan have come up with a more environmentally friendly solution for refining and recycling rare earth elements, so we can continue having smartphones and hard drives - salmon sperm.

The scientists, led by Yoshio Takahashi of Hiroshima University, found that several rare earth elements bound strongly to phosphate-containing molecules on the surface of bacterial cells, according to Chemistry World, a publication of the Royal Society of Chemistry. So they turned to salmon sperm, since it is largely made up of DNA, which contains a lot of phosphate. (And it’s also insoluble in water, unlike pure DNA, making it easier to work with.)
They found that the metals contained in neodymium magnets (including neodymium, dysprosium and trivalent iron) and several other rare earth elements bound strongly to DNA within dried and powdered salmon sperm. The metals were then recovered by adding acid to the solution and separating the various substances using a centrifuge, according to the PLOS ONE study where the team described their work.
However this is not a full proof method some acid is being used but it's quantity is reduced to the minimum and salmon sperm is easily availability Japan alone produces tons of salmon sperm as a waste material by its fish industry.

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Do you know yourself?

Homo sapien is the one of the newest species to evolve it is not more than a few million year old and taking this time on universal calendar being 14 billion years it's merely few minutes we are there in existence. 
Each of our  bodies are a miracle; it's amazing they work the way they do, day in and day out. If you thought what our bodies could do before, once youbread this list of insane facts about the human body, you'll be in awe
1.) The average person produces
enough saliva in their lifetime to fill
2 swimming pools.
2.) A full head of human hair
is strong enough to support 12 tons

3.) Don't stick out your tongue if you want to hide your identity. Similar to fingerprints, everyone also has a unique tongue print!
4.) you get a new stomach lining every three to four days? If you didn't, the strong acids your stomach uses to digest food would also digest your stomach.
5.) This will really make your skin crawl: Every square inch of skin on thebhuman body has about 32 million bacteria on it, but fortunately, the vast majority of them are harmless.
6.) Considering all the
tissues and cells in your body, 25 million new cells are being produced each second. That's a little less than the population of Canada - every second !
7.) From the age of thirty,
humans gradually begin to
shrink in size.
8.)The areas of the body that
swell during intercourse are the genitals of both partners, the breasts and also the inner section of nose.
9.) A human being can
look forward to having sex an average of 2,580 times with five different partners.
10.) When we go to sleep
and enter REM (Rapid Eye
Movement),our bodies become
completely paralysed as areas of
the brain that control movement
are de-activated. It is this that
stops us falling out of bed.

The following data provides details about how we are different from the other know species that evolved parallel to us.
- Genome - wide variation from one human being to another can be up to 0.5% ( 99.5% similarity )
- Chimpanzees are 96% to 98% similar to humans , depending on how it is calculated . ( source)
- Cats have 90% of homologous genes with humans , 82% with dogs,80% with cows , 79% with
chimpanzees , 69% with rats and 67% with mice . (source )
- Cows (Bos taurus ) are 80%
genetically similar to humans
(source)
- 75% of mouse genes have
equivalents in humans ( source), 90% of the mouse genome could be lined up with a region on the human genome ( source) 99% of mouse genes turn out to have analogues in
humans ( source)
- The fruit fly (Drosophila ) shares about 60% of its DNA with humans
(source) .
- About 60% of chicken genes correspond to a similar human gene .

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Need a Change

Irony of our nation
People go to hospital for a minor eye surgery and returns home with loss of eye sight , people go to hospital for a minor Vasectomy and Tubectomy
operation and some returns home loosing their private part and some even don't return because they are dead during or after the operation due to improper medical facilities.
A research shows that around 60% of the operation camps are of no use they are rather suffering giving rather than helping people, there was a news showing that most such operations are done in open environment and sometimes in the moonlight with torches and candles. There are lack of bed for the patient so they are forced to sleep in the floor.
The government needs to do something for this there are myraids of excuse given by the officials but now the time has come that each and everyone should awake and take some action against it.
All measure and advise given by the readers will be appreciated so please kindly comment

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